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A hands-on experience on some of the most popular smart contract platforms

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In 2021, many smart contract platforms competed for users’ attention and attempted to be the next Ethereum killer. The terms DeFi, GameFi, and NFT, have been all over the media lately, and any of these would not be possible without smart contracts. As more smart contract platforms are introduced, it becomes hard for newcomers to choose which is right for them. This article will examine some of the most popular smart contract platforms and share our hands-on experience with them.

Ethereum

Token: ETH

TPS: 10

Ethereum is the world’s first smart contract platform. Developers create decentralized applications (dApps) on the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) with an object-oriented programming language called solidity. Users can interact with dApps that operate autonomously. Since Ethereum is the first smart-contract-enabled blockchain platform, it has a lot of active developers and has the most Total Value Locked (TVL) in DeFi as far as blockchains are concerned. However, despite being the most popular smart contract platform, it still has a few downsides that make us try to stay away from it when possible. One drawback is the slow transaction speed since Ethereum can only process around 10 transactions per second (TPS). The other problem is the hefty transaction fee it charges when the network is busy, in which the fee may sometimes cost more than the transaction per se.

Binance Smart Chain

Token: BNB

TPS: 60

Binance Smart Chain (BSC) is a smart contract blockchain that is fully compatible with the EVM, so developers can leverage existing tools to write dApps without having to learn an entirely new language. In addition, the increase in transaction speed compared to Ethereum is welcoming. BSC started to gain traction earlier last year, it forked a lot of Ethereum projects that bootstrapped the entire ecosystem, and in the latter part of last year, we see GameFi booms on BSC. One most notable concern that many community members have is the centralization of the Binance chain since Binance is a centralized exchange, and most of its validators are connected to Binance. Nonetheless, BSC has a unique and strategic position in the entire crypto ecosystem.

Avalanche

Token: AVAX

TPS: 4,500

Avalanche is an open-source platform for launching DeFi applications and enterprise blockchain deployments in one interoperable, highly scalable ecosystem. Avalanche is the first smart contract platform that confirms transactions in under one second with finality on every block. It provides a new consensus mechanism with an adaptable platform optimized for enterprise adoption and developer needs while solving the challenging problems of scaling and security. The AVAX rush incentive plan also ignited the whole Avalanche ecosystem last year, with large price swings in the latter half of the year. We miss the low transaction fees that Avalanche offered at the very start. Another concern we have is their failure to keep up to date with various promises such as burning the foundation’s staking rewards and the introduction of feeless transactions. If Avalanche could significantly reduce its fees and improve communication while keeping its promises, it’s still a smart contract platform worth keeping an eye on.

Solana

Token: SOL

TPS: 2,000

Solana is a high-performance open-source blockchain. It provides a platform for dApps and next-generation protocols. With its Proof of History (PoH) consensus mechanism, the Solana blockchain allows for breakneck transaction speeds, claiming to scale to over 50,000 TPS on an open network, which is said to be possible due to Solana’s novel approach.This deterministic checkpointing mechanism that is used in place of synchronous consensus. However, Solana’s actual TPS is around 2,000, with more than 3/4 of these transactions being vote transactions. The seemingly inflated TPS widely promoted to the public might reflect the questionable design of the Solana platform. Even though it was once regarded as a crypto rising star, with its six blockchain outages happening in the last month alone, Solana is facing fundamental questions about its network stability, as well as the ability to maintain itself as a Wall Street darling.

TRON

Token: TRX

TPS: 2,000

TRON is an innovative open-source blockchain that focuses on providing a cost-effective settlement solution with the ultimate goal of decentralizing the internet. The high level of scalability offered by the system and its mandate for low costs are attractive propositions for those considering taking their first step into the crypto world. Since last April, the amount of Tether USDT on TRON has surpassed Ethereum to become the No.1 worldwide. TRON became the preferred blockchain for many when transferring and converting stablecoins because of its low fees. The TRON network’s increasing dApps and NFT projects also attracted many new users from other blockchains. However, we noticed that newcomers sometimes brought up the concept of bandwidth and energy on the TRON network. Although understanding bandwidth and energy is not necessary to make a transaction, users should be encouraged to look into them as utilizing these resources by staking a certain amount of TRX would enable one to send transactions or interact with smart contracts for free.

Throughout last year, we saw many smart contract platforms rising to compete with Ethereum, and each of them has its pros and cons. There is an incredibly increasing demand for a good smart contract platform, and every platform will eventually have its place in the ecosystem. Investors, users, and developers should take a closer look at each of these blockchains and pick the one that matches their needs best.

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Walrus Protocol Mainnet Launch Secures $140M Funding, Signals New Phase for Decentralized Storage

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Walrus Protocol has officially entered the spotlight with the launch of its mainnet, backed by a substantial $140 million funding round. The debut marks a significant milestone not only for the project itself, but also for the broader decentralized storage sector, which has been steadily gaining relevance as blockchain applications demand more scalable, verifiable data solutions.

Supported by Mysten Labs, the team behind the Sui blockchain, Walrus is positioning itself as a next-generation decentralized storage protocol designed to handle the growing needs of AI-driven applications, media platforms, and on-chain data-intensive use cases.

Walrus mainnet launch brings decentralized storage into focus
The Walrus mainnet went live on March 27, 2025, signaling the transition from development to full production readiness. Alongside the launch, the project confirmed that it has secured $140 million in funding earmarked for ecosystem growth, infrastructure development, and long-term sustainability.

This funding level places Walrus among the better-capitalized decentralized storage initiatives in the market. Historically, large funding rounds at mainnet launch tend to increase institutional confidence, particularly when paired with clear tokenomics and a defined roadmap. For Walrus, the capital injection is expected to support validator participation, developer incentives, and expansion of real-world use cases.

The protocol operates closely with the Sui ecosystem, leveraging its performance-oriented architecture. This relationship could prove strategically important as projects built on Sui look for native, scalable storage solutions that align with the chain’s low-latency design.

Why Walrus stands out in decentralized data storage
Unlike earlier decentralized storage platforms that primarily focused on file persistence, Walrus is designed around verifiable data availability. This distinction is increasingly important for applications involving artificial intelligence models, dynamic media content, and large datasets that must remain auditable over time.

Traditional decentralized storage solutions often struggle to meet the performance and verification requirements of modern AI workloads. Walrus addresses this gap by enabling developers to prove that data exists, remains intact, and is retrievable without relying on centralized intermediaries. This capability positions Walrus at the intersection of decentralized infrastructure and next-generation data computation.

Industry observers note that this approach could make Walrus particularly attractive for AI training pipelines, decentralized content networks, and blockchain-based analytics platforms that require both scalability and trust minimization.

Leadership and ecosystem strategy
As part of the mainnet rollout, the Walrus Foundation appointed Rebecca Simmonds as managing executive. While detailed public information about her prior industry roles remains limited, the appointment suggests a focus on operational scaling and ecosystem coordination as the protocol transitions into its post-launch phase.

Governance and ecosystem management are expected to play a key role in Walrus’ evolution. With significant funding secured, the challenge now shifts from building technology to fostering sustained usage, onboarding developers, and maintaining network security through decentralized participation.

Market response and token dynamics
Following the mainnet launch, Walrus’ native token, WAL, became available on select trading venues, drawing early market attention. Initial trading activity showed elevated volume, a common pattern during early price discovery phases. While short-term price movements remain volatile, analysts often view such activity as a reflection of curiosity and positioning rather than long-term valuation.

Historically, decentralized infrastructure tokens tend to see more durable demand when network usage grows alongside speculation. For Walrus, the key metric to watch will be adoption by developers and data-heavy applications rather than short-term market performance.

What this means for the broader crypto landscape
The Walrus mainnet launch reinforces a broader trend within crypto: infrastructure is becoming as important as financial primitives. As blockchains mature, demand is shifting toward reliable data storage, computation, and verification layers that support complex applications.

With $140 million in funding, backing from Mysten Labs, and a focus on AI-compatible data storage, Walrus enters the market with meaningful advantages. Whether it can translate those advantages into sustained network activity will determine its long-term impact.

For now, the launch signals that decentralized storage is moving beyond simple file hosting and into a phase where verifiable, high-performance data infrastructure could become a foundational layer for Web3 and AI-driven ecosystems alike.

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zkPass (ZKP) Adoption Accelerates After Upbit Listing as Global Exchange Support Grows

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zkPass (ZKP) is drawing increased attention across the crypto market following its recent listing on Upbit, one of Asia’s largest and most influential cryptocurrency exchanges. The move has significantly expanded global access to ZKP while bringing greater visibility to zero-knowledge proof technology, a fast-growing area within Web3 infrastructure.

Rather than triggering short-term speculation alone, the Upbit listing has shifted the conversation toward adoption, accessibility, and the broader role of privacy-preserving technologies in digital identity and data verification.

Upbit Listing Expands Reach for zkPass

Upbit plays a central role in the South Korean crypto market, which is known for high retail participation, deep liquidity, and rapid engagement with emerging technologies. By securing a listing on the exchange, zkPass gains exposure to a large and active user base, alongside stronger fiat on-ramps and improved market depth.

For ZKP, the listing represents more than just another trading venue. It places the token within a regulated, high-visibility environment that often serves as an early indicator of broader market acceptance. Historically, assets listed on major regional exchanges like Upbit benefit from increased discoverability, especially among users who may not actively seek out smaller or niche projects.

The listing also comes alongside expanding exchange integrations elsewhere, suggesting a broader trend of growing platform support rather than a single isolated event.

Why Zero-Knowledge Proofs Are Gaining Attention

The renewed interest in zkPass reflects a wider shift toward privacy-preserving infrastructure. Zero-knowledge proofs allow users to verify information—such as identity credentials or eligibility—without revealing the underlying data. This approach addresses a critical challenge in Web3: balancing privacy with compliance.

As digital identity becomes more central to financial services, gaming, governance, and cross-platform access, tools that enable selective disclosure are increasingly viewed as essential. zkPass operates within this intersection, offering solutions that support user-controlled identity while remaining compatible with regulatory requirements.

Governments, enterprises, and developers are actively exploring frameworks that reduce data exposure while still meeting verification standards. In this environment, zero-knowledge systems are moving from experimental concepts to practical infrastructure, helping explain why projects like zkPass are gaining traction.

What Exchange Support Signals for Privacy-Focused Crypto

Major exchange listings often function as a form of market validation. While they do not guarantee price performance, they typically indicate that a project has met certain technical, legal, and operational criteria. For privacy-focused tokens, this is particularly meaningful, as such projects have historically faced scrutiny or limited access on centralized platforms.

Upbit’s support underscores growing acceptance of privacy-enhancing technologies that are designed to work alongside compliance frameworks, rather than against them. This aligns with a broader industry shift toward “regulatory-compatible privacy,” where users maintain control over their data without removing accountability.

As more exchanges add ZKP, liquidity improves and participation broadens, allowing the ecosystem to grow beyond early adopters and specialized users.

Why Investors Are Watching zkPass More Closely

Market observers are increasingly focused on zkPass not because of short-term price action, but due to its positioning within long-term Web3 narratives. Exchange listings tend to increase visibility, but sustained attention often depends on whether a project aligns with structural trends.

Privacy and identity remain among the most active areas of development in Web3. Zero-knowledge proofs are now considered a core building block for decentralized applications, particularly those involving credentials, access control, and data sharing.

For many investors, ZKP’s expanding exchange presence signals that privacy infrastructure tokens are moving closer to mainstream relevance. The focus has shifted from novelty to real-world use cases, adoption momentum, and integration into broader digital ecosystems.

As exchange support continues to expand and demand for secure data verification tools grows, zkPass is increasingly viewed as part of a larger movement toward privacy-first Web3 infrastructure rather than a standalone speculative asset.

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Solana DEX Volume Surges to $1.7 Trillion, Overtakes Bybit in Spot Trading

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Solana’s decentralized finance ecosystem has reached a major milestone, with decentralized exchange (DEX) spot trading volume surpassing $1.7 trillion year-to-date, according to data compiled by Artemis. The figure places Solana ahead of centralized exchange Bybit and positions it as the second-largest venue for spot trading globally, trailing only Binance.

The development highlights a notable shift in trader behavior, as activity continues to migrate from centralized platforms toward on-chain markets built on high-performance blockchains.

Solana’s DEX Growth Signals Structural Change
The surge in Solana DEX volume reflects more than short-term speculation. Throughout the year, decentralized platforms on the network have consistently captured market share, driven by improvements in infrastructure, liquidity depth, and user experience.

Solana’s technical design remains a key factor. High transaction throughput and low fees allow traders to execute strategies that would be cost-prohibitive on slower or more expensive networks. As a result, frequent traders, arbitrageurs, and market makers increasingly view Solana DEXs as viable alternatives to centralized exchanges.

The network’s recovery from earlier reliability concerns has also played a role. After periods of congestion and outages in previous years, Solana has delivered more stable performance, helping rebuild confidence among both users and developers.

Protocols Driving the Volume
Several native Solana protocols have contributed meaningfully to the rise in trading activity. Aggregators and automated market makers such as Jupiter, Orca, and Raydium have matured into core liquidity hubs, offering competitive pricing and deep order execution.

These platforms benefit from composability within Solana’s ecosystem, allowing traders to route orders efficiently across multiple liquidity pools. Over time, this has reduced slippage and improved execution quality, narrowing the gap between decentralized and centralized trading experiences.

In addition, growing participation from professional traders has increased overall volume durability. Rather than isolated retail spikes, Solana’s DEX flows increasingly resemble sustained institutional-style activity.

Solana vs. Centralized Exchanges
By surpassing Bybit in spot trading volume, Solana demonstrates that decentralized exchanges can compete directly with centralized platforms at scale. While Binance remains the largest global venue, the gap between centralized and decentralized trading is narrowing.

This trend reflects broader changes in market preferences. Traders are increasingly sensitive to counterparty risk, custody concerns, and regulatory uncertainty surrounding centralized exchanges. Decentralized platforms, which allow users to retain control of their assets, offer an alternative that aligns with these concerns.

At the same time, improved tooling and user interfaces have lowered the barrier to entry for on-chain trading, making decentralized platforms more accessible to non-technical users.

What This Means for Solana’s Future
The $1.7 trillion milestone reinforces Solana’s position as one of the most active DeFi ecosystems in the market. High DEX volume often correlates with stronger network effects, attracting additional developers, liquidity providers, and infrastructure projects.

If current trends persist, Solana’s decentralized exchanges could continue to capture a larger share of global trading activity, particularly during periods of market volatility when traders seek speed and cost efficiency.

More broadly, the data suggests that decentralized finance is no longer a niche alternative. On networks like Solana, it is becoming a central pillar of crypto market structure, capable of rivaling traditional centralized exchanges in both scale and relevance.

As DeFi adoption expands, Solana’s ability to support high-volume, low-cost trading positions it as a key player in the next phase of crypto market evolution.

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